TIREOTOKSIKOZLARNI TASHXIS VA DAVOLASHNING ZAMONAVIY USULLARI (adabiyot sharhi)

Abstract

Introduction. Thyrotoxicosis is an endocrine disorder associated with excessive production of thyroid hormones and has various etiologies. It requires early diagnosis and proper treatment, as its complications can affect the cardiovascular, skeletal, and nervous systems.

Objective. The aim of this article is to analyze modern methods of diagnosis and treatment of thyrotoxicosis, and to present algorithms used in clinical practice. Additionally, the study evaluates the effectiveness and safety of therapeutic approaches.

Materials and Methods. Diagnosis is based on clinical symptoms, laboratory markers (fT4, fT3, TSH), and instrumental techniques (ultrasound, scintigraphy, MRI). Treatment choice depends on patient age and symptom severity, and includes antithyroid drugs, radioactive iodine, or surgery.

Results. Combined diagnostic methods allow for accurate identification of thyrotoxicosis types and selection of appropriate treatment. Carbimazole and radioactive iodine therapy have shown high efficacy, with remission achieved in most patients.

Conclusion. The diagnosis and treatment of thyrotoxicosis should be individualized and stepwise. Properly selected therapeutic strategies help prevent severe complications and recurrence.

Key words: Thyrotoxicosis; Graves' disease; Thionamides; Radioiodine therapy; Thyroid gland; Hormones (fT3, fT4, TSH); Diagnosis and treatment.