НАРУШНИЕ РИТМА СЕРДЦА У БОЛЬНЫХ ИШЕМИЧЕСКОЙ БОЛЕЗНЬЮ СЕРДЦА В КОМОРБИДНОСТИ С ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯМИ ЩИТОВИДНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ (ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ)

Abstract

Background. Ischemic heart disease (IHD) remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cardiac arrhythmias significantly worsen the prognosis in patients with IHD, increasing the risk of sudden cardiac death and thromboembolic events. Thyroid disorders, which are highly prevalent in the general population, have a profound impact on myocardial electrophysiology and may enhance arrhythmogenic risk in patients with IHD.

Objective. To analyze and summarize current domestic and international literature on cardiac arrhythmias in patients with ischemic heart disease comorbid with thyroid disorders.

Materials and Methods. A narrative review of published studies addressing the effects of thyroid hormones on the cardiovascular system, the clinical features of arrhythmias in IHD combined with thyroid dysfunction, and contemporary diagnostic and therapeutic approaches was performed.

Results. Both overt and subclinical thyroid dysfunction were found to be associated with an increased incidence of supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias in patients with IHD. Thyroid hormone imbalance contributes to myocardial electrical instability, aggravates ischemia, and adversely affects clinical outcomes.

Conclusion. The coexistence of ischemic heart disease and thyroid disorders represents a significant interdisciplinary challenge. Routine assessment and timely correction of thyroid function are essential for effective prevention and management of arrhythmias and for improving prognosis in this patient population.