NEYROXIRURGIYADA KRANIOSEREBRAL TRAVMA OQIBATLARI: IXTISOSLASHTIRILGAN TIBBIY YORDAM STANDARTLARI

Abstract

Introduction. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a major global health concern, causing significant mortality and disability. Limited access to neurosurgical care, especially in low-resource settings, often delays treatment. Evaluating the effectiveness of emergency neurosurgical procedures performed by general surgeons in local hospitals is therefore crucial.

Materials and Methods. This retrospective study was conducted at the Neurosurgery Department of Samarkand State Medical University from 2022 to 2024. It included 130 patients diagnosed with TBI: 42 received conservative treatment, 54 underwent craniotomy, and 34 underwent cranioplasty. Mechanisms of trauma, clinical features, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores, and neuroimaging data (CT/MRI) were analyzed.

Results. The importance of early diagnosis and use of the GCS for assessing trauma severity was confirmed. Key clinical and imaging indicators requiring urgent neuroimaging were identified. In properly selected patients, outcomes of emergency procedures performed by general surgeons were comparable to those in neurosurgical centers. In pediatric patients, symptoms were often subtle, requiring more careful evaluation.

Conclusion. Early recognition and appropriate decision-making are critical in managing TBI. In areas with limited access to neurosurgical facilities, general surgeons can achieve favorable outcomes when equipped with decision-making tools and imaging support. A multidisciplinary approach, rational resource use, and long-term patient monitoring are essential for optimal care.