Роль урогенитальной вирусной и паразитической инфекции в развитии бесплодия у женщин

Abstract

Introduction. Infertility, especially female, remains a pressing problem in reproductive medicine and is a multifactorial condition in the pathogenesis of which infectious agents play an important role. The purpose of this review is to systematize modern data on the impact of viral and parasitic infections on women's reproductive health. Key viral pathogens, including herpes simplex virus, human papillomavirus, HIV, HHV-6 and cytomegalovirus associated with impaired fertility, implantation and pregnancy are considered. The influence of parasites - Trichomonas vaginalis, Toxoplasma gondii, Entamoeba histolytica, Trypanosoma spp. is also analyzed. and Leishmania spp., which cause inflammatory, hormonal and immune disturbances that impair reproductive function. Particular attention is paid to the mechanisms of pathogenic action, including cytotoxicity, immunomodulation and metabolic dysregulation. The findings highlight the need to implement comprehensive diagnostic and preventive strategies aimed at early detection and treatment of infections within women's reproductive health programs.

Conclusions: Viral and parasitic infections play a key role in the development of female infertility. They cause inflammatory and immunohormonal disorders that impair fertility. Timely diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases can significantly increase the effectiveness of reproductive therapy.