ZAMONAVIY QARASH ADENOMIOZLARNING MORFOLOJIK VA IMMUNOGISTOXIMIK ASPEKTLARIGA REPRODUKTIV YOSHDAGI AYOLLARDA

Abstract

Introduction. Denomyosis is a gynecological condition characterized by the infiltration of endometrial cells into the myometrium, leading to chronic inflammation and various structural changes. This condition is more frequently encountered in women of reproductive age and can significantly affect quality of life, fertility, and the overall clinical picture. Despite significant attention to this pathology in recent decades, the morphological and immunohistochemical features of adenomyosis remain insufficiently studied. Thus, examining modern approaches to analyzing adenomyosis in reproductive-age women is crucial for both scientific understanding of the condition and for clinical practice.

Purpose. The objective of this study is to analyze the modern morphological and immunohistochemical aspects of adenomyosis in women of reproductive age, as well as to identify their role in the pathogenesis of the disease and develop recommendations for clinical practice.

Materials and Methods. To achieve these objectives, a study was conducted based on the analysis of data collected from 2020 to 2025 in city clinics. The study included 100 women aged 18 to 45 years with a confirmed diagnosis of adenomyosis.

Results. All patients with adenomyosis exhibited characteristic morphological changes in the myometrium, including an increase in the number of endometrial cells and myometrial dysplasia. Immunohistochemical analysis showed elevated expression of CD68 in myometrial tissues, indicating the activation of inflammatory processes. The changes in the immunohistochemical profile were found to correlate with clinical manifestations of adenomyosis, such as painful menstruation and infertility. In 60% of cases, the presence of concurrent gynecological diseases was observed, which also affected the severity of symptoms.

Conclusion. The modern approach to studying the morphological and immunohistochemical aspects of adenomyosis in reproductive-age women emphasizes the importance of understanding the pathogenesis of this condition and its impact on reproductive function. The results of our study confirm the necessity of incorporating these aspects into clinical practice to improve the diagnosis and treatment of adenomyosis. Future research should focus on developing new therapeutic methods aimed at correcting the immune and morphological disturbances associated with adenomyosis.